CD46
| Gene Symbol | CD46 |
|---|---|
| Entrez Gene | 4179 |
| Alt Symbol | AHUS2, MCP, MIC10, TLX, TRA2.10 |
| Species | Human |
| Gene Type | protein-coding |
| Description | CD46 molecule, complement regulatory protein |
| Other Description | CD46 antigen, complement regulatory protein|antigen identified by monoclonal antibody TRA-2-10|complement membrane cofactor protein|measles virus receptor|membrane cofactor protein|membrane cofactor protein (CD46, trophoblast-lymphocyte cross-reactive antigen)|trophoblast leucocyte common antigen|trophoblast leukocyte common antigen|trophoblast-lymphocyte cross-reactive antigen |
| Swissprots | Q15429 Q5VWT2 Q5VWS9 Q7Z3R5 A0T1T0 Q5VWT1 Q9NNW2 A0T1T2 Q5VWS6 A0T1T1 Q6N0A1 Q9NNW4 Q5HY94 Q9NNW3 Q9UCJ4 Q53GV9 Q5VWT0 Q5VWS7 Q5VWS8 P15529 |
| Accessions | AAD13968 AAW82433 ABI96986 EAW93463 EAW93464 EAW93465 EAW93466 EAW93467 EAW93468 EAW93469 EAW93470 EAW93471 EAW93472 EAW93473 EAW93474 EAW93475 EAW93476 EAW93477 P15529 A18585 CAA01400 AF209712 AAF73844 AF209713 AAF73845 AF209714 AAF73846 AI589224 AK129560 AK222822 BAD96542 AK291227 BAF83916 AK296819 BAG59392 AU131238 BC007046 BC026273 BC030594 AAH30594 BX537451 CAD97694 BX640613 CAE45719 BX649050 CAI45983 D84105 BAA12224 DB078198 DQ890901 ABM81827 DQ894054 ABM84980 EF076055 ABK81635 EF076056 ABK81636 EF076057 ABK81637 EF076058 ABK81638 M58050 AAA62833 S51940 AAB24802 X59405 X59406 X59407 X59408 X59409 X59410 Y00651 CAA68675 Y07713 CAA68985 XM_011509563 XP_011507865 XM_011509564 XP_011507866 NM_002389 NP_002380 NM_153826 NP_722548 NM_172350 NP_758860 NM_172351 NP_758861 NM_172352 NP_758862 NM_172353 NP_758863 NM_172359 NP_758869 NM_172361 NP_758871 NM_172354 NM_172355 NM_172356 NM_172357 NM_172358 NM_172360 |
| Function | Acts as a cofactor for complement factor I, a serine protease which protects autologous cells against complement- mediated injury by cleaving C3b and C4b deposited on host tissue. May be involved in the fusion of the spermatozoa with the oocyte during fertilization. Also acts as a costimulatory factor for T- cells which induces the differentiation of CD4+ into T-regulatory 1 cells. T-regulatory 1 cells suppress immune responses by secreting interleukin-10, and therefore are thought to prevent autoimmunity. A number of viral and bacterial pathogens seem to exploit this property and directly induce an immunosuppressive phenotype in T-cells by binding to CD46. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10843656, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12540904}. |
| Subcellular Location | Cytoplasmic vesicle, secretory vesicle, acrosome inner membrane {ECO:0000269|PubMed:12112588, ECO:0000269|PubMed:14597734, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15307194}; Single- pass type I membrane protein {ECO:0000269|PubMed:12112588, ECO:0000269|PubMed:14597734, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15307194}. Note=Inner acrosomal membrane of spermatozoa. Internalized upon binding of Measles virus, Herpesvirus 6 or Neisseria gonorrhoeae, which results in an increased susceptibility of infected cells to complement-mediated injury. In cancer cells or cells infected by Neisseria, shedding leads to a soluble peptide. |
| Tissue Specificity | Expressed by all cells except erythrocytes. |
| Top Pathways | Complement and coagulation cascades, Measles |
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