RAC1
| Gene Symbol | RAC1 |
|---|---|
| Entrez Gene | 5879 |
| Alt Symbol | MIG5, Rac-1, TC-25, p21-Rac1 |
| Species | Human |
| Gene Type | protein-coding |
| Description | ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (rho family, small GTP binding protein Rac1) |
| Other Description | cell migration-inducing gene 5 protein|ras-like protein TC25|ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 |
| Swissprots | Q9BTB4 Q5JAA8 Q3Y4D3 P15154 P63000 O95501 |
| Accessions | AAB22206 AAS07511 AAS07512 AAZ80485 CAA10733 CAB53579 CAI61762 CAI61874 EAL23718 EAL23719 EAL23720 EAW55039 EAW55040 EAW55041 EAW55042 EAW55043 EAW55044 P63000 AB209410 BAD92647 AB451238 BAG70052 AB451363 BAG70177 AF136373 AAD30547 AF498964 AAM21111 AJ132694 CAA10732 AK054993 BAG51447 AK122742 AK291806 BAF84495 AK291815 BAF84504 AY279384 AAQ16632 BC004247 AAH04247 BC050687 AAH50687 BC107748 AAI07749 BG437715 BQ689587 BT007121 AAP35785 D25274 EU831965 ACE87406 EU832058 ACE86720 EU832640 ACE87731 EU832717 ACE87049 M29870 AAA36537 M31467 AAA36544 NM_006908 NP_008839 NM_018890 NP_061485 NM_198829 |
| Function | Plasma membrane-associated small GTPase which cycles between active GTP-bound and inactive GDP-bound states. In its active state, binds to a variety of effector proteins to regulate cellular responses such as secretory processes, phagocytosis of apoptotic cells, epithelial cell polarization and growth-factor induced formation of membrane ruffles. Rac1 p21/rho GDI heterodimer is the active component of the cytosolic factor sigma 1, which is involved in stimulation of the NADPH oxidase activity in macrophages. Essential for the SPATA13-mediated regulation of cell migration and adhesion assembly and disassembly. Stimulates PKN2 kinase activity. In concert with RAB7A, plays a role in regulating the formation of RBs (ruffled borders) in osteoclasts. In glioma cells, promotes cell migration and invasion. In podocytes, promotes nuclear shuttling of NR3C2; this modulation is required for a proper kidney functioning. Required for atypical chemokine receptor ACKR2-induced LIMK1-PAK1-dependent ph |
| Subcellular Location | Cell membrane {ECO:0000250}; Lipid-anchor {ECO:0000250}; Cytoplasmic side {ECO:0000250}. Melanosome {ECO:0000269|PubMed:17081065, ECO:0000269|PubMed:19948726, ECO:0000269|PubMed:21693584}. Cytoplasm {ECO:0000250}. Note=Inner surface of plasma membrane possibly with attachment requiring prenylation of the C-terminal cysteine (By similarity). Identified by mass spectrometry in melanosome fractions from stage I to stage IV. Found in the ruffled border (a late endosomal-like compartment in the plasma membrane) of bone-resorbing osteoclasts (By similarity). {ECO:0000250}. |
| Tissue Specificity | Isoform B is predominantly identified in skin and epithelial tissues from the intestinal tract. Its expression is elevated in colorectal tumors at various stages of neoplastic progression, as compared to their respective adjacent tissues. |
| Top Pathways | Wnt signaling pathway, Sphingolipid signaling pathway, Osteoclast differentiation, Rap1 signaling pathway, Choline metabolism in cancer |
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