| Gene Symbol | CTLA4 |
|---|---|
| Entrez Gene | 1493 |
| Alt Symbol | ALPS5, CD, CD152, CELIAC3, CTLA-4, GRD4, GSE, IDDM12 |
| Species | Human |
| Gene Type | protein-coding |
| Description | cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 |
| Other Description | CD152 isoform|celiac disease 3|cytotoxic T lymphocyte associated antigen 4 short spliced form|cytotoxic T-lymphocyte protein 4|cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated serine esterase-4|insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus 12|ligand and transmembrane spliced cytotoxic T lymphocyte associated antigen 4 |
| Swissprots | Q5S005 E9PDH0 Q9UKN9 Q53TD5 P16410 Q0PP65 O95653 Q8WXJ1 A0N1S0 Q96P43 Q52MC1 |
| Accessions | AAA52127 AAF02499 AAK13084 AAL40932 AAX93176 ABC67470 ABG78999 ABG79000 ADV60197 ADV60198 ADV60199 ADV60200 CAY55959 EAW70354 P16410 AF414120 AAL07473 AF486806 AAL96664 AK313732 BAG36473 AY209009 AAO17066 AY792514 AAV66331 AY999702 AAY00166 BC069566 AAH69566 BC070162 AAH70162 BC074842 AAH74842 BC074893 AAH74893 BG058720 CD639535 DQ785106 ABG85285 L15006 AAB59385 U90273 AAD00698 XR_241294 NM_001037631 NP_001032720 NM_005214 NP_005205 |
| Function | Inhibitory receptor acting as a major negative regulator of T-cell responses. The affinity of CTLA4 for its natural B7 family ligands, CD80 and CD86, is considerably stronger than the affinity of their cognate stimulatory coreceptor CD28. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:16551244, ECO:0000269|PubMed:1714933}. |
| Subcellular Location | Cell membrane {ECO:0000269|PubMed:18468488}; Single-pass type I membrane protein {ECO:0000269|PubMed:18468488}. Note=Exists primarily an intracellular antigen whose surface expression is tightly regulated by restricted trafficking to the cell surface and rapid internalisation;. |
| Tissue Specificity | Widely expressed with highest levels in lymphoid tissues. Detected in activated T-cells where expression levels are 30- to 50-fold less than CD28, the stimulatory coreceptor, on the cell surface following activation. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10493833, ECO:0000269|PubMed:16551244, ECO:0000269|PubMed:1713603}. |
| Top Pathways | T cell receptor signaling pathway, Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs), Autoimmune thyroid disease, Rheumatoid arthritis |